Top 10 Questions New Users Ask About PuTTY
Comprehensive answers to the most common questions beginners have about PuTTY
Every day, thousands of people use PuTTY for the first time. Based on search data, support forums, and user feedback, we've identified the 10 questions that beginners ask most frequently. Here are clear, comprehensive answers to each one.
What is PuTTY and why do I need it?
PuTTY is a free SSH client for Windows that lets you securely connect to remote servers. You need it if you're managing Linux servers, cloud instances, network devices, or any system that requires SSH access from a Windows computer.
Is PuTTY safe to use?
Yes, PuTTY is safe when obtained from official sources. It's been developed and maintained by Simon Tatham since 1999 and is open-source, allowing security experts to review the code. Always download from trusted sources and verify digital signatures.
Do I need to install PuTTY?
No, PuTTY can run as a standalone executable without installation. Simply download putty.exe and run it directly. However, an installer version is available if you prefer a traditional installation with Start menu shortcuts.
How do I save my PuTTY sessions?
In the PuTTY configuration window, enter your connection details, type a name in the 'Saved Sessions' field, and click 'Save'. Next time, you can select the session name and click 'Load' to restore all settings.
What's the difference between PuTTY and SSH?
SSH is the protocol (the method of secure communication), while PuTTY is a client application that uses the SSH protocol. Think of SSH as the language and PuTTY as the translator that helps you speak it on Windows.
Can I use PuTTY on Mac or Linux?
Mac and Linux have built-in SSH clients in their terminal applications, so PuTTY isn't necessary. However, PuTTY has been ported to these platforms if you prefer its interface. Most users on Mac/Linux use the native ssh command.
Why does PuTTY show a security alert when I first connect?
The security alert displays the server's host key fingerprint on first connection. This is normal and important—it helps verify you're connecting to the right server. You should verify the fingerprint matches the server's actual key, then accept it.
How do I copy and paste in PuTTY?
To copy: select text with your mouse (it copies automatically). To paste: right-click in the PuTTY window. You can also use Shift+Insert to paste. These defaults can be changed in PuTTY's settings.
What are all these other PuTTY tools (PuTTYgen, PSCP, Plink)?
The PuTTY suite includes several utilities: PuTTYgen generates SSH keys, PSCP transfers files via command line, Plink is for scripting SSH connections, PSFTP provides interactive file transfers, and Pageant manages SSH keys. Each serves a specific purpose.
Why can't I connect? It says 'Network error: Connection refused'
This usually means: (1) SSH service isn't running on the server, (2) you're using the wrong port number, (3) a firewall is blocking the connection, or (4) you have the wrong hostname/IP. Check these systematically to find the issue.
Bonus Tips for New Users
Start Simple
Don't get overwhelmed by all the options. For your first connection, you only need to enter a hostname and click Open. You can explore advanced settings later.
Save Your Sessions
Once you get a connection working, save it as a session. This saves time and reduces errors when reconnecting.
Learn SSH Keys Early
While password authentication works, SSH keys are more secure and convenient. It's worth learning early in your PuTTY journey.
Keep PuTTY Portable
Keep a copy of putty.exe on a USB drive or cloud storage. It's handy to have SSH access available on any computer you use.
Ready to Dive Deeper?
These answers should get you started, but there's much more to learn about PuTTY and SSH. Explore our comprehensive guides for detailed information.